Andrew is a policy and regulatory expert specialising in financial technology. He is the founder of Global Policy LTD, Visiting Fellow at the European University Institute in Florence, and an Adjunct Professor at IE University in Madrid. Andrew brings in-house policy director expertise from crypto, payments and fintech companies like Ripple and Curve, with a particular focus on the UK, EU and Middle East. Previously he served as an official at the Bank of England, developing its policy for fintech, stablecoins, CBDCs and crypto. He researches and teaches on the international political economy of financial innovation. He holds a PhD from the Johns Hopkins University SAIS in Washington, DC and is the author of Regulating banks: the politics of instability and How to understand MiCA: a policy guide.